Means for determining the moisture content of materials



J. DEVINE 2,210,300 MEANS FOR DETERMINING THE MOISTURE CONTENT OF MATERIALS Aug. 6, 1940.

Filed July 2?, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 R ww muw \m ll 0 000000 1 OOQIQQOOOOQOQODOOO 00 00 Dob-0000000 0 000 OOO-OOOOOOO J. DEVINE Aug. 6, 1940.

MEANS FOR DETERMINING THE MOISTURE CONTENT OF MATERIALS Filed July 27, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE MEANS FOR DETERMINING THE, MOISTURE CONTENT OF MATERIALS John Devine, Jacksonville, Fla., assignor to Moore Dry Kiln Company, Jacksonville, Fla., a corporation of Florida Application July 27, 1938, Serial No. 221,623

6 Claims. (01. 265-435) This invention relates to a moisture content sists of the novel construction, combination and determining means, and is designed primarily arrangement of parts as will be more specifically for determining the moisture content of lumber, referred to and illustrated in the accompanying but it is to be understood that the invention is drawings, wherein embodiments of the invention for use in any connection for which it may be are shown, but it is to be understood that changes,

5 found applicable, by way of example for detervariations and modifications may be resorted to mining the moisture content of other materials which fall within the scope of the invention as such as sand, coal, cotton, wool, etc., and in the claimed. field of chemistry where it is frequently desir- In the drawings:

able to ak moisture test, Figure 1 is a top plan view of a moisture con- The primary object of the invention is to protent determining means in accordance with this vide, in a manner as hereinafter set forth, a invention, means for determining the moisture content of Figure 2 is a side elevation thereof, a charge of material by direct reading. Figure 3 is a section on line 3-3 of Figure 1 A further object of the invention resides in upon an enlarged scale, 15 providing a means for the purpose referred to Figure 4 is a section on line 44 Figure 1 upon including an indicator element in the form of a an enlarged scale, lever or arm horizontally revoluble about a fixed Figure 5 is a fragmentary detail in side elepivot, the lever being disposed in a manner wherevation upon an enlarged scale,

by the center of gravity thereof permanently lies Figure 6 is a fragmentary view in top plan 20 in the center of the pivot about which it revolves, and upon an enlarged scale of a portion of the and with the lever provided with means for conscale beam, necting therewith a carrier or other support for Figure '7 is a fragmentary view in top plan of the material to be tested. another portion of the scale beam,

A further object of the invention resides in the Figure 8 is a top plan view, broken away of a providing of the moisture content determining modified form of a moisture content determining 4 means with the horizontally revoluble lever aforemeans in accordance with this invention, said, a plate or carrier, more or less of semi- Figure 9 is a side elevation, broken away of circular contour for correlation with the lever the structure shown by Figure 7,

1) provided on its upper face with a moisture per Figure 10 is a section on line Ill-l0 Figure 8 0 cent scale, and with the contour of the plate servupon an enlarged scale, ing the purpose of spreading out the divisions of Figure 11 is a section on line ll|l Figure 7 the scale in the portion where accuracy is most upon an enlarged scale, and desirable. Figure 12 is an elevation looking towards the A further object of the invention is to provide, closed side of the suspension section of the scale in a manner as hereinafter set forth, a means for beam of the modified form. determining the moisture content of stock in With reference to Figures 1 to '7 of the drawprocess of being kiln dried and for determining ings, the form of moisture content determining such moisture content by direct reading. means illustrated thereby includes a horizontally 40 A further object of the invention is to provide, disposed scale beam ll formed of a pair of sec- 40 a means of the class referred to for ascertaining tions l2, l3. The section I2 consists of a sinthe moisture content of lumber in the process gle casting having a rectangular part l4 formed of drying it, and the actual moisture content of in its upper face centrally and lengthwise therethe lumber after it has been baked out to the of with a square groove l5 opening at each end point where it ceases to lose moisture. of such part, a flat triangular part [6 of angle- 45 Further objects of the invention are to provide, shape cross section extending rearwardly from in a manner as hereinafter set forth, a means a portion of the inner lengthwise edge of part for the purpose referred to which is comparal4 and having its straight side constituting a tively simple in its construction and arrangement, bearing for a purpose to be referred to, a forstrong, durable, compact, readily assembled, thorwardly directed outwardly inclined fiat partl! 50 oughly efiicient for the purpose intended thereby, integral at its inner end throughout the front convenient in its use, and comparatively inexlengthwise edge of the part 14 and gradually, pensive to manufacture. decreasing in width from its inner to its outer Embodying the objects aforesaid, and to others end, a horizontally disposed part l8 integral at which may hereinafter appear, the invention conits inner end with the outer end of part 11, a 55 formed with a depending boss 2% surrounding hole the edge portion 2 5.

opening 2i and an annular boss22 on its upperpart forming a continuation of the opening 2!.

The part 29' has a pair of inwardly inclined outer side edge portions 23, 2 The edge portion 23 at its outer end merges into the rear end of,

a greater inward inclination than the inclination of the edge portion 23. The part 21? in proximity to and aligning with the point of mergence between the edge portions 23, 2 1' is formed with a pivot hole 25. The part 28 has its lower face 25 in spaced relation to the latter. The part 23 is formed with a pair of spaced offsets 2?, 28, annular bosses 29, Eli on its upper face which eX- tendonto theoffsets, openings 3!, 32 extendingthrough part 259 and the bosses 29, 38, a curved edge part 33 leading from offset 27 to offset28,- and a curved edge portiont l leading from offset 29 to part l9.

. The scale beam section i3 is in the form of a bar 35, of rectangular contour in vertical section, disposed on its lower lengthwise edge, andformed transversely of its edge with a row of equidistantspaced notches 36. One side of the bar 35 atits forward end is positioned against the straight side of part it of section 2. The fo ward or front end of bar 35 abuts the rear lengthwise edge of part i l of section 5 The bar 35 is secured to the part iiiof section it by the holdfa st means 371. The bar 35 is provided thereon with an adjustable slidably counterweight arranged between the rear end of the row of notches 36 and the rear end of the bar. The latter between the counterweight i3 and its rear end is formed with an angle shape balance indicator St on one side thereof. The indicator is disposed laterally on the lengthwise median of such side and is directed rearwardly.

The structure shown by Figures 1 to 7 includes a base, ll! gradually decreasing in width from its front toits rear end. The base has rounded front corners til, a rounded rear end it, an endless depending edge flange 33, and a pair of aligned front pieces id on its longitudinal median. Mounted on the base ill, adjacent the front and rear ends of the latter are standards 15, 68 respectively. The bottoms of the standards are disposed at and on opposite sides of the lengthwise median of the upper face of the base.

The standards at their lower ends are fixedly anchored, by any suitable means to base ii The standard 35 includes a pedestal d7 merging at its upper end into the transverse center of the base 38 of a vertically disposed yoke 29 arranged in transverse relation with respect to the base 4b. The arms of yoke 49 are indicated at 56, M and are formed with vertical aligned notches 52 opening at their top surfaces centrally of the latter. Arrangedwithih and seated on the bot-v tom walls of the notches 52 are agate bearings 53 of less height than the notches and having V-shaped top edge portions. The standard 46 includes a pedestal 54 merging at itsupper' end into a beam guide head 55 formed with a passage d, extending from its front to its rear and an opening 5? disposed at right angles to one side of passage 55 and extending from the latter .to the outer surface of one side of the lead. The standard idincludes a pair of removable The latter is disposed at" plates 58 for closing the upper ends of the notches 52. The plates 58 are detachably connected to and on the upper ends of the arms 5!, 52 by the removable holdfast means 58. The plates also act as confiners for a fulcrum element $0 to be referred to. The base 56 is provided with spaced adjustable steadylng screws 60a. Y s

The part M of the section E2 of the scale bean: H isarranged between the arms 5@, 5i of yoke 69. The length of said part l l -is less than the distance between said arms 593, 5!. The part l4, when arranged between the arms of yoke 49 is spaced from such arms and is also disposed in superposed spaced relation with respect to the base d8 of yoke 3$. The scale beam H is shiftably suspended from the standard and for such purpose the fulcrum element t0 coacting with the bearings 5-3 is employed. The element Ell consists of a horizontally disposed bar til of square cross section disposed in lengthwise relation with respect to the part M of scale beam section L t2, and spaced endwise aligned knife edge forming portions 62 depending from its lower surface The. ends of bar Eli are oppositely; beveled and the outer ends of the portions 62 form beveled continuations of the said ends of the ban The latter is of greater length than the part M of the scale beam section i2, is seated in the groove l5 and extendsfrorn the ends of the part it. .The inner ends of the knife edge forming portions 82 are spaced from the ends of said part it] The end terminal portions of the bar El are positioned in the notches or cutouts 52 and the portions 52 are mounted on the bearings 53 which are arranged in the notches as extending upon the top of the front portion of scale beam section it is a stamping plate 53 for the elementtfi. The plate 63 is secured to the said part it bylspaced holdfast means 6 extending therethrough and engaging in sockets 65 formed on the upper face of part M. The latter when arranged in the yoke 59 is positioned below the top of the latter. The scale beam section l3 extends through passage 5% to rearwardly beyond the head 55. The height of the passage 55 and'the groove 5? is greater thanthe height of scale be'am section l3 when the latter is arranged in the position shown in Figures 1 and 2 and which permitssuch section to cantle or shift relatively to head 55.

The structure as shown by Figures 1 to 7 includes afixed carrier for an indicating scale. The carrier consists of a semi-circular plate 65 mounted upon and extended from the part 28 of scale beam section 52. The straight marginal portion 67 of the upper face of plate 6t? is raised. The curved marginal portion 58 of the upper face of plate 66 is raised. As shown the raised curved marginal portion 68 is of greater Width than portion Bl. Arranged on that portion of the upper face of plate 6% bordering the marginal portion $8 is ,a moisture content indicating scale 59. The plate 66 is positioned against the bosses Z2, 29 and 3E? andfixedly secured to the parts l9, 2!! of scale beam section l2 by holdfast means it extending through the plate and openings 22, Si, 32. The plate 56 (Figure l) is formed in close proximity, to its straight edge with an opening?! which aligns with the opening 25 in partzll. The plate 66 bodily moves with the scale beam H.

The-structure shown .by Figures 1 to 7 includes a horizontally revoluble indicator element I2 for coacting with the scale 69. Element I2 is arranged below the parts I9, 29 of scale beam section I2 and overlaps the curved edge of the plate 66. The element I2 comprises an arm I3 formed of an enlarged inner end portion I4, an intermediate portion I5 of reduced thickness with respect to the portion I4, an outer end portion I6 substantially of the same contour as portion I5 and disposed at a higher level than the portions I4, I5, an upstanding outwardly inclined coupling portion 11 arranged between, substantially of the same contour as and merging into the portions I5, I8, an apertured depending lug 19 on the outer end of portion I6 and an upstanding angle-shaped pointer I9 integral with the outer end of portion 76. The pointer I9 consists of a vertical leg 89 opposing the curved edge of plate 66 and a horizontally disposed pointed leg 8| which extends inwardly from the upper end of leg 89 to over and beyond the high marginal portion 68 on plate 86.

The structure shown by Figures 1 to 7 includes a hanger 92 carried by the lug l8 and which may be employed for coupling with and for suspending from the indicator element 12 a piece of stock when determining the moisture content of the latter, or it may be employed for coupling with and for suspending from the indicator element I2 a pan for receiving such stock for the purpose referred to.. The hanger 82 is shown by way of example as employed for coupling with and suspending from element I2 an angle-shaped depending suspension 83 which carries a pan 84 for receiving the stock.

The element I2 is horizontally revoluble about an upstanding pivot element 85 formed of an upper threaded portion 86, an intermediate plain portion Ill and a lower portion 88 having a groove 89 in its bottom surface. The portion 86 is of less diameter than the portion 81 to provide element 85 with an upper peripheral shoulder 99. The portion 81 is of less diameter than portion 88 to form element 85 with a lower shoulder 9|. The portion I5 of arm I3 in proximity to arm portion I4 is formed with a vertical opening 92. The said portion I5 has its upper surface bearing against the boss 26 and with the wall of opening 92 aligning with the inner surface of said boss. Positioned on the part 29 and aligning with the opening 25 in such part, as well as aligning with the opening II in plate 66 is a washer 93. The portion 85 of element 85 passes through openings 25, II and extends above plate 66. The portion 8'! of element 85 extends through opening 192 and into boss 28. The shoulders 99, 9| of element 85 abut respectively the part 29 of scale beam section I2 and the lower surface of the portion I5 of arm I3. Threadedly engaging with the portion 86 of element 85 and bearing against plate 95 is an interiorly threaded cap member 94 which coacts with the portion 88 of element 85 for connecting the latter to plate 96 and scale beam section I2, whereby element 85 will suspend element I2 relative to plate 66 and permit of said element I2 being horizontally revoluble relative to the plate 69, the scale beam and scale 69. The center of gravity of element I2 permanently lies at the center of element 85.

The section I3 of the scale beam II has slidably suspended thereon a counterweight 95 formed of an upper section 99 and a lower section 91. The latter is grooved, as at 98 for the passage of beam section I3. The section 96 is detachably connected to the top of section 91 by suitable holdfast means 981]. and acts to couple the weight 95 to the scale beam.

With reference to Figures 8 to 12 of the drawings the form of moisture content determining means illustrated thereby includes a horizontal scale beam 99 formed of sections I99, I9I, I92 and I93. The scale beam section I99 is in the form of an elongated bar I94 of rectangular contour in vertical section and disposed on its lower lengthwise edge. The bar I94 is formed with a front opening I95 and a rear opening I96. These openings are arranged in close proximity to the end surfaces of the bar. The latter has the forward end terminal portion of its lower lengthwise edge cut-out, as at I91 to form a clearance. The bar I94 has the rear end terminal portion of its lower lengthwise edge cut-out, as at I98 to form a clearance. The scale beam section I9I constitutes a suspension for the section I99 and it consists of a hollow casting open at one side and at its bottom, closed at its other side and closed at its front, rear and top. The casting tapers from its closed side to its open side. The wall which forms the closed side of the casting and which is generally indicated at I99 is formed of a rectangular lower portion H9 and a tapered upper portion III centrally of the portion H9. The wall which forms the closed top of the casting and which is generally indicated at I I Ia, includes a rectangular horizontally disposed flat upper portion II2, a pair of oppositely inwardly inclined intermediate portions II3 which merge into the sides of the portion H2 and into the portion III of the wall I99, and a pair of 0ppositely disposed flat inwardly extending lower portions H4 merging into the portions H3 and the top of the portion III) of the wall I99. The portions II5, only one shown of the casting, which form the front and rear of the latter are of like form, substantially of triangular contour, are oppositely inwardly inclined from the portion H9 or Wall I99, merge into the portions M4 of wall I II and also merge at their larger ends into the sides of the portion I I9 of wall I99. The saidportion H9 is formed with spaced opening H6. The said portion H9 is positioned against the inner side of section I99 intermediate the ends of the latter. The said portion H9 and section I99 are secured together by the holdfast means III passing through the openings H6 and engaging in section I99. The flat upper portion I I2 of wall III is formed on its lengthwise median with a pair of spaced aligned openings II8 for a purpose to be referred to. The scale beam section I92 consists of an angle-shape bracket I I 9 formed of a vertical rectangular leg I29 and a skeleton horizontally disposed upper leg I2I substantially of quadrant shape which is integral with and extends outwardly at right angles tothe upper end of the leg I29. The latter is secured to one side of the section I99, in proximity to the forward end of the latter by the holdfast means l22. The bracket H9 is formed with integral reinforcing webs I23 for the leg I2I. The scale beam section I93 consists of a bracket I24 of materially less area than the bracket H9 and formed of a vertically disposed rectangular leg I25 and a horizontally disposed braced tapered leg I26 having its widest end integral with the upper end of the leg I25. The leg I26 is extended outwardly at right angles to the upper end of leg I25 and is disposed in inner endwise alignment with the inner end of the leg I2| of bracket H9. The leg I25 of the bracket I24 is positioned against the other side of scale beam section I99 and aligns 15 lengthwise center of the top portion IIZ of the lengthwise edges of the base I21 7 their inner to their outer ends.

With the leg I20 of bracket H9. The holdfast means I22 also acts to secure bracket I24 to the scale beam section I09. The top surface of the latter is flush with the upper surfaces of the legs I2I and I26.

The structure as shown by Figures 8 to 12 includes a one-piece casting consisting of a rectangular base I21 formed at its front end with a pair of standards I28, I29 arranged in paraHel spaced relation and having their outer side faces flush with the lengthwise side edges of the base I21. The latter is also formed with a pair of standards I30, I3! at its rear end. The standard I30 has its outer side face flush with one or" the The standard I3I is arranged in close proximity to the standard I3I. The standards I39, I3! have detachably attached to their upper ends a cross-piece let. The latter constitutes a stop for arresting the upward movement of the rear of the scale beam 99. The standards I39, I3! provide a guide for the scale beam 99. The base IN is formed with foot pieces I33. The standards I23, I29 near their upper ends are formed with aligned circular openings I34 in which are arranged annular agate bearings I35.

The structure as shown by Figures 8 to 12 includes a fulcrum element I35 for the scale beam 99. The element I36 consists of a bar I38 disposed in transverse relation with respect to and of. greater length than scale beam section NH, and a pair of knife edge-forming portions I39 depending from the lower surface of bar I38 and disposed in inner endwise spaced relation. The outer ends of the portions i39 are flush with the ends of bar I38. The latter is seated on the wall I II of scale beam section Itl, and extends from each end of the said portion II2 into the bearings I35. Thebar 538 is formed with spaced openings I49 which align with the openings H8, and it is fixedly secured to the said portion II2 by the holdfast means I4I extending through the aligning openings IIB, I42. The knife edge portions I39 extend into and fulcrum on the bearings I35. One of the portions I 39 extends over the scale beam section I98 and is of greater length than the other of the said portions I39.

The structure shown by Figures 8 to 12 includes a carrier I42 for an indicating scale. The carrier I42 consists of a horizontally disposed substantially semi-circular plate I43 having its upper face formed with an upstanding endless marginal portion I 44. The plate I 43 is formed with a semicircular edge portion I45 and a pair of oppositely disposed inclined edge portions I46 merging into each other at their inner ends and having their outer ends merging into the ends of edge portion I45. The edge portions I46 incline inwardly from That portion of the upper face of the plate I43 bordering the curved part of the marginal portion I44 is provided with a moisture content indicating scale I41. The plate I43 is mounted on the scale beam sections Hill, I82, I93 and fixedly secured to the scale beam sections m2, M3 by the holdfast means I48. The carrier bodily moves with the scale beam 99, and is formed with an opening I49 which aligns with a threaded opening I 50 formed in the leg I25 of the beam section I33.

The structure shown by Figures 8 to 12 includes a horizontally revoluble indicator element I 5| which coacts with the scale I47; Element I5I, is arranged over carrier I42 and consists of an arm I52 formed at one end with an annulus I53 and atits other end with an enlargement I59 formed in the leg I 26 of the beam section I03- A washer I57 is interposed between the arm I52 and the plate I43. The center of gravity of the element i5I permanently lies at the center of member I56. The opening I49 is disposed in close proximity to the point of mergence between the edge portions I46 of plate I43. The annulus I53 rides on the curved part of the marginal portion I 4'4 of plate I43, is disposed over the scale It! and exposes parts of the latter. The annulus I 53 projects beyond the curved edge of plate I43 and is formed on its inner side with a pointer I58 which is integral with the upper surface of the arm I52 at the outer end of the latter. Integral with the outer side of the annulus I53 and extending inwardly and outwardly with respect to such side is an upstanding apertured lug I69. The latter extends above and depends from annulus, aligns with the pointer I 58 and has the upper portion of its inner side formed to provide a pointer I16 for coacting with the scale I4'I.

The structure shown by Figures 8 to 12 includes a hanger I H carried by the lug I69, and which is employed for coupling with and for suspending from the indicator element I5I a piece of stock for determining the moisture content of the latter.

The openings I05, I96 are to be employed for connecting counterweight hangers to the scale beam section Ifiil when desired, and as shown by way of example, a hanger II2 is attached to that generic to any material with which the means is employed to determine the moisture content thereof.

When a stock receiving pan forms an element of each of the devices, the device may be employed for determining moisture content of a sample by weighing it in its original state and then weighing it again after it has been baked out until it ceases to lose moisture. When it is thus baked to its bone dry condition it can be put back on the pan to obtain a direct reading by adjustment of the indicator lever or arm to give direct reading of its moisture content.

When the stock receiving pan does not form an element of each of the devices, the device may be employed by way of example for determining moisture content of lumber as follows:

It is desirable to have one test-sample-board in each truckload of lumber going into the kiln, particularly if the operation is progressive. When load is being .built up, have stackers pick out an above-average heavy, board, preferably heart stock. Cut out a two-foot piece from close to the middle of the board, or not closer to the end than two feet. Then stack this board, now out into three pieces in the truckload of lumber,

placing it on the outer edge so as to be easily removable.

As soon as possible, cut off a wafer from each end of the test sample, weigh them, put them in the drying oven and dry to bone-dry, then weigh again and compute the moisture percent. This determined, write the moisture content on the ends of the large test sample. This is highly important, to prevent too rapid drying out through the ends of the sample.

Next, connect the large test sample on the suspension at end of indicator-arm. This indicatorarm oscillates over the moisture content scale. Put the pointer of indicator-arm on the figure representing original moisture content of the large test sample which original moisture content was determined by testing the two small wafers cut from each end of the board.

Then move the balance-weight out on the beam until the guide is in balance. Whatever figure the balance-weight stops at, to obtain balance, write this figure down on the large test sample along with the original moisture content. Then put the large test sample back into place in the load.

The next day, remove the test sample and again attach it to the indicator-arm. This time, move the balance-weight back out to the same figure as before. Then move the indicator-arm on the moisture content scale until the beam is balanced and the scale then indicates percentage of moisture in the test sample, and shows the average'moisture content of lumber in the entire load.

Each day the test sample can be quickly weighed and actual moisture content determined. This applies to test sample in every load.

Knowing the correct moisture content of lumher in the kiln enables the operator to follow drying schedules closely, step up schedules where indicated with the assurance that it is safe to do so. The means, in accordance with this invention makes it practical for kiln operators to keep accurate records of drying schedules carried from day-to-day on every charge of lumber, also the moisture-loss from the stock day-by-day. The practice tends to make operators more efficient, and insures better and more systematic operation. The operator can literally keep his finger on the pulse of the kiln, and the drying rate of the lumber.

A properly-indexed graph-chart makes it easy to keep accurate records, and requires only a few seconds of the operators time each day.

A drying schedule is based on the species, thickness, moisture content and grade of lumber being dried. It is recommended that stock be segregated so far as possible as to these different characteristics, so that stock of a common drying rate, taking one common schedule, can be all to itself in one kiln. This is not always possible, in which case the schedule must be based on the most difiicult or slowest-drying stock in the kiln.

Once the kiln is in operation, the drying schedule maintained should be governed by the moisture content of the stock. Hence, modern drying schedules are based on moisture content. By knowing the exact moisture content of lumber in the kiln, the kiln operator can carry the most effective schedule from standpoint of speed as well as quality; This is where this invention comes to the aid of the operator.

What I claim is:

1. In a means for determining the moisture content of a stock, a scale beam formed of a forward end terminal portion and a rear end terminal portion, said forward terminal portion being off set with respect to said rear terminal portion, said rear terminal portion being provided with weight graduations and an adjustable counterweight, a fulcrum element secured to said forward terminal portion and formed with a pair of spaced aligned knife edges, V-shaped bearing means for said knife edges, a combined stop and guide means for said rear terminal portion, a supporting structure common to said bearing means and said combined stop and guide means, a horizontally disposed substantially semi-circular carrier secured to and extended laterally from said forward end terminal portion, said carrier being formed on its upper face with a moisture content indicating scale, a horizontally disposed revoluble indicator element, means depending from said forward end terminal portion and connected with the carrier for revolubly supporting said indicator element, said indicator element being formed with a pointer at its outer end opposing the upper face of said carrier for coaction with said scale, said indicator element also being formed at its outer end with an opening into which said pointer extends, and means connected to the outer end of the indicator for connecting with the outer end of the indicator element a sample of the stock when determining the moisture content of the said sample.

2. In a means for determining the moisture content of a stock, a scale beam provided with weight graduations and an adjustable counterweight, a fulcrum element secured to said beam intermediate the ends of the beam, bearing means for said element, a combined stop and guide means for the rear terminal portion of said beam, a supporting structure common to said bearing means and said combined stop and guide means,

a horizontally disposed carrier positioned on the beam, a horizontally disposed revoluble indicator element, means connected with said forward end terminal portion and said carrier for revolubly supporting said indicator element, adjacent to one side of the transverse medium of the indicator element, said indicator element being formed with a pointer at its outer end for coaction with the said scale, said indicator element being arranged over said carrier, and extending laterally in opposite directions with respect thereto, and means connected to the outer end of the indicator element for connecting with the outer end of the indicator element a sample of the stock when determining the moisture content of the said sample.

3. In means for determining the moisture content of a stock, a scale beam provided with a fulcrum element, weight graduations and an adjustable counterweight, a horizontally disposed substantially semi-circular flat plate-like carrier fixedly secured at spaced points thereof upon the forward terminal portion of said beam having a curved edge part and being formed on its upper face with a curved moisture content indicating scale spaced from and aligning with said edge part, a horizontally revoluble indicator element, means connected to the carrier and to the said terminal portion of the beam for revolubly supporting the indicator element relative to the carrier, said means being disposed to one side of the transverse median of said indicator element, said indicator element being formed with an inwardly extending pointer at its outer end overlying said face for correlation with said scale, and a suspension on said indicator element for connecting with the carrier and said terminal portion a sample of the stock when determining the moisture content of said sample.

4. In a means for determining the moisture content of a stock, a scale beam provided with weight graduations and an adjustable counterweight, a fulcrum element secured to said beam intermediate the ends of the latter, bearing means for said element, a combined stop and guide means for the rear terminal portion of the beam, a supporting structure common to said bearing means and said combined stop and guide means, a horizontally disposed flat plate-like carrier secured at spaced points thereof to the forward terminal portion of the beam and being formed on its upper face with a moisture content indicating scale, a horizontally disposed revoluble indicator element formed at its outer end respectively with an inwardly extending pointer overlying said face for coaction with said scale and with means for connecting therewith a sample of the stock when determining the moisture content of the sample-means connected to said carrier and the said forward terminal portion of the beam for revolubly supporting said indicator element relative to the carrier, said carrier being substantially of semi-circular contour and having a curved and a non-curved edge part, the said supporting means for the indicator element being disposed to one side of the transverse median of said indicator element and being located on the transverse median of the carrier in proximity to the non-curved edge of the latter, and said scale being curved and aligned with the curved edge part of the carrier.

5. In a means for determining the moisture content of a stock, a scale beam provided with a fulcrum element, weight graduations and an adjustable counterweight, a carrier secured upon the forward terminal portion of said beam and being formed on its upper face with a moisture content indicating scale, a horizontally disposed revoluble indicator element, means connected to the carrier and the forward terminal portion of the beam for revolubly supporting the indicator element relative to the carrier, said means being disposed to one side of the transverse median of said indicator element, said indicator element being formed With a pointer for correlation with said scale, a suspension on the indicator element for connecting with the indicator element a sample of the stock when determining "the moisture content of the sample, and a base provided with means to form a bearing-for supporting said fulcrum element and a guide for the rear terminal portion of the beam, said indicator element havingthe major portion thereof arranged below the forward terminal portion of the beam and its remaining portion positioned against theedge of and over the carrier.

(3. In a means for determining the moisture content of a stock, a scale beam provided with a fulcrum element, weight graduations and an adjustable counterweight, a carrier secured upon the forward terminal portion of said beam and being formed on its upper face with a moisture content indicating scale, a horizontally disposed revolubleindicator element, means conneotedlto the carrier and the forward terminal portion of the beam for revolubly supporting the indicator element relative to the carrier, said means being disposed to one side of the transverse median of said indicator element, said indicator element being formed with a pointer for correlation with said scale, a suspension on the indicator element for connectingwith the indicator element a sample of the stock when determining the moisture content of the sample, and a base provided with means to form a bearing for supporting said fulcrum element and a guide for the rear terminal portion of the beam, said indicator element being disposed over and extending in opposite directions from the carrier. I

JOHN DEVINE. 

